Laboratory Experiments with Standard ICs and FPCAs

Laboratory Experiments with Standard ICs and FPCAs 11.1 INTRODUCTION TO EXPERIMENTS This chapter presents 18 laboratory experiments in digital circuits and logic design. The experiments give the student using this book hands-on experience. The digital circuits can be consmcted by using standard integrated circuits (ICs) mounted on breadboards that are easily assembled in the Iaboratory. The experiments are ordered according to the material presented in the book. The last section consists of a number of supplements with suggestions for using the Verilog HDL to simulate and verify the functionality of the digital circuits presented in the experiments, If an FPGA prototyping board is available, the experiments can be implemented in an FPGA as an alternative to standard ICs. A logic breadboard suitable for performing the experiments must have the fallowing equipment: 1. Light-emitfig diode (LED)in dicator lamps, 2. Toggle switches to provide logic-1 and Iogic-0 signals. 3. Pulsers with push buttons and debounce circuits to generate single pulses. 4. A clock-pulse generator with at least two frequencies: a low Wuency of hut 1 pulse per second to observe slow changes in digital signals and a higher frequency for observing waveforms in an oscilloscope. 5. A power supply of 5 V. 6. Socket strips for mounting the ICs. 7. Solid hookup wires and a pair of wire strip for cutting the wires. Digital logic trainers that include the requhd equipment arc uvnilable from several manufacturers, A digital Iogic trainer contains LED lamps, toggle switcbea, phm, a variable clwk